I doubt anyone could mesure any change in mileage from colors of new cars, now used is differnt, white, silver, and grey cars tend to be owned by older people who are better drivers, they will have taken better care of the car, and not abused it as much, so the drive train, and engine are going to be in better shape, red cars are most likely going to have been abused more, and because of that are going to have more problems, and might even have lower compression.
I like the hood insulation idea, I know that the desiel VW's have that, but mostly as sound deadning, I've thought about just going with foil tape, or tin foil, maybe with winter being here, and snow on the ground I'll do some foil tape, and see how the snow melts.
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